Tricuspid valve complex- a study on its variations in North Indian population and clinical implications

Since cardiovascular diseases are emerging as major causes of morbidity and mortality in the modern era, emphasis is laid on understanding normal as well as variant cardiac anatomy. Moreover, the advancement in diagnostic and therapeutic cardio-invasive techniques have prompted the revision of our existing knowledge and understanding about fine details of atrio-ventricular, valvular and chordo-papillary complexes. This study is an endeavour to establish the morphology of the tricuspid valve and chordo-papillary complex of the right ventricle in north Indian population and to compare it with previously provided data by different researchers. The study was conducted using 52 formalin-fixed adult human hearts. The presence, number, shapes, length, number of additional heads of the papillary muscles were observed. The morphology of the tricuspid valve was also noted. The morphology and morphometry of the tricuspid valve and papillary muscles were defined. Awareness of such information, whether normal or variant, is considered a prerequisite for successful, uncomplicated cardiac surgeries and interventional radiology

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Comparative Agronomic Performance and Reaction to Fusarium wilt of Lens culinaris × L. orientalis and L. culinaris × L. ervoides derivatives.

The development of transgressive phenotype in the segregating populations has been speculated to contribute to niche divergence of hybrid lineages, which occurs most frequently at larger genetic distances. Wild Lens species are considered to be more resistant against major biotic and abiotic stresses than that of the cultivated species. In the present study, we assessed the comparative agronomic performance of lentil (Lens culinaris subsp. culinaris) inter-sub-specific (L. culinaris subsp. orientalis) and interspecific (L. ervoides) derivatives, also discussed its probable basis of occurrence. The F3, F4, and F5 inter sub-specific and interspecific populations of ILL8006 × ILWL62 and ILL10829 × ILWL30, respectively revealed a substantial range of variation for majority of agro-morphological traits as reflected by the range, mean and coefficient of variation. A high level of fruitful heterosis was also observed in F3 and F4 progeny for important traits of interest. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher in magnitude than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) in all generations for several quantitative characters. The results showed high heritability estimates for majority of traits in conjunction with low to high genetic advance in F3 and F4 generations. Further, F5 progeny of ILL10829 × ILWL30, manifested resistant disease reaction for fifteen recombinant inbred lines (RILs) against (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lentis (Vasd. Srin.) Gord.). The multilocation agronomic evaluation of both crosses showed better results for earliness, desirable seed yield and Fusarium wilt resistance under two agro-ecological regions of north-western India. These better performing recombinants of ILL8006 × ILWL62 and ILL10829 × ILWL30 can be advanced for further genetic improvement and developing high yielding disease resistant cultivars of lentil.

A rare variant angioarchitecture of upper abdomen.

Vascular anomalies are frequently encountered in abdomen. But they are usually asymptomatic and diagnosed accidently during angiography or surgery leading into severe complications. Thus knowledge of angioarchitecture in abdomen, whether normal or variant, is considered prerequisite for successful, uncomplicated surgeries and interventional radiology. This case report describes one of such varying branching pattern of celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery. During routine abdominal dissection, gastroduodenal artery was seen arising from celiac trunk along with its usual three branches. Common hepatic artery continued as left hepatic artery after giving rise the right gastric artery and a tortuous replaced right hepatic artery arose from superior mesenteric artery. An unusually long cystic artery arose from left hepatic artery and gave rise to 2-3 small anastomotic branches towards hepatic flexor of colon, in addition to its normal gallbladder supply. Awareness of such variations would certainly be helpful in upper abdominal surgeries.